Study on the Thermal Behaviour and Flammability of the Modified Polyacrylonitrile Fibers

The effects of some kinds of metal ions used as chemical modifications on the thermal properties of the modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were studied by DTA, TG, GC and cone calorimetry. The apparent activation energies for the decomposition of the unmodified and modified PAN fibers were determined using Kissinger equation and Broido equation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

2,3,4,5‐Tetrakis­[(2‐hydroxy­ethyl)­thio]­tetra­thia­fulvalene tetra­fluoro­borate

The title complex, C₁₄H₂₀O₄S₈^+.BF₄^?, is a charge‐transfer complex with typical charges for the donor and anion of +1 and ?1, respectively. Two centrosymmetrically related donors form a face‐to‐face π‐dimer with a strong intermolecular S?S interaction. These π‐dimers stack along the a axis to form a donor column. The structure is extensively hydrogen bonded.     

Di‐μ‐isopropoxy‐bis[bis(η5‐methyl­cyclopentadienyl)yttrium(III)]

The title complex, [Y₂(C₆H₇)₄(C₃H₇O)₂], is a centrosymmetric dimer bridged through the O atoms of the isopropoxide ligands. The Y₂O₂ unit is planar and the geometry around the eight‐coordinate Y atom is distorted pseudo‐tetrahedral. The Y—O distances are 2.2228 (19) and 2.2432 (19) Å, and the O—Y—O angle is 74.86 (7)°.     

A Novel Ion-Selective Sensor for Procaine Hydrochloride Based on a Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Coated with a Procaine Tetraphenylborate PVC Membrane

 A novel ion-selective sensor for procaine hydrochloride has been proposed and applied successfully to analysis of pharmaceutical preparations. The sensor is based on modification of the Ag-electrode of an AT-cut piezoelectric quartz crystal with a PVC membrane containing procaine tetraphenylborate. A linear relation between the logarithm of the response frequency and the logarithm of the procaine hydrochloride concentration was found experimentally and could be explained by combination of a modified Sauerbrey equation and the Freundlich isotherm. The detection range was from 8.3 × 10⁻⁸ to 5.0 × 10⁻³ M with a detection limit of 8.3 × 10⁻⁸ M. The selectivity of the sensor and the influence of experimental parameters such as solution pH and detection time were investigated. Received February 10, 1999. Revision October 10, 1999.     

Self-assembly of porous two-dimensional copper(II) α, β-unsaturated carboxylate complexes with trimethyl phosphate

A new type of two-dimensional network was found in the hydrogen-bonded molecular assemblies of copper(II) α,β-unsaturated carboxylate complexes with TMP [OP(OMe)₃], {Cu₂A₄(H₂O)₂[OP(OMe)₃]} _n [(1) A = CH₂=CHCO₂ ⁻; (2) A = CH₂=C(Me)CO₂ ⁻]. The crystal structure of (1) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both complexes are unique in terms of a sheet structure brought about by O—H ⋯ O hydrogen-bonded interactions both between neighbouring Cu₂A₄(H₂O)₂ units and between Cu₂A₄(H₂O)₂ and OP(OMe)₃ molecules. The electronic reflectance spectra in the solid state suggest a square pyramidal coordination environment around the copper(II) atom. Room temperature X-band e.s.r. spectra of powered samples and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility studies indicate the presence of strong antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between two copper(II) atoms, with 2J = −310 cm⁻¹ for (1) and 2J = −304 cm⁻¹ for (2) respectively. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Effect of Surface Roughness on Immiscible Displacement Using Pore Scale Simulation

Transport in Porous Media - Pore scale immiscible displacement is crucial in oil industry. The surface roughness of throat is an important factor affecting water–oil interface movement. In...     

A Projected Subgradient Method for Nondifferentiable Quasiconvex Multiobjective Optimization Problems

In this paper, we propose a projected subgradient method for solving constrained nondifferentiable quasiconvex multiobjective optimization problems. The algorithm is based on the Plastria subdifferential to overcome potential shortcomings known from algorithms based on the classical gradient. Under suitable, yet rather general assumptions, we establish the convergence of the full sequence generated by the algorithm to a Pareto efficient solution of the problem. Numerical results are presented to illustrate our findings.

     

CdSe量子点的光物理性质研究与荧光杂化纤维的制备

半导体纳米晶体（NCs）具有良好的光稳定性,广泛的发射持久性和高消光系数,在过去几年被广泛研究报道,其中,硒化镉半导体纳米晶体(CdSe NCs)被广泛用于电子照明、太阳能发电、光电传感等领域。然而CdSe NCs的电学、热力学和光物理性质具有较强的尺寸依赖性,在传统的制备方法及应用中容易出现晶体表面缺陷和悬空键以及较为严重的生物毒性和环境毒性。为了实现量子点在各个领域的应用,必须严格控制CdSe NCs的发光波长,尺寸分布以及荧光性能。本研究通过高温热注射法合成了单分散的胶体发光CdSe NCs,使用表面配体对CdSe NCs进行修饰,研究了不同烷基链长度的配体对CdSe NCs尺寸分布和荧光性能的影响,并通过改变溶剂配比制备了纺丝溶液,将其与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）进行杂化,制备了PVP/CdSe QDs荧光杂化纤维。结果表明,与传统CdSe NCs相比,经表面配体的修饰的CdSe NCs在有机溶液中因分子间吸附的降低在溶液中有良好的稳定性,具有可调节的溶解度,弥补了缺陷和悬空键造成的荧光性能下降。在CdSe晶体结构的形成过程中,表面配体也有着显著的调控作用。并且更为重要的是,该研究将表面配体修饰与杂化相结合,改善了表面配体的附着,在杂化材料的制备过程中避免了硒化镉纳米晶体与高分子基体直接接触,为荧光团提供了良好的发光微环境,保证了CdSe NCs的荧光性能,使杂化纤维具有良好而稳定的荧光性能。同时,PVP的引入使CdSe NCs的生物毒性和环境毒性得以改善,使材料更加环境友好且具有更好的生物相容性,大大提升了材料的应用范围。事实证明,PVP/CdSe QDs杂化微纤维杂化相容性和分散性良好,具有优异的荧光性能和材料成型性,纤维合成方式简便易行且造价低廉,可应用于溶液处理,光学照明,电极材料,和生物成像等各个领域。     

Characterizations of Strength Extremal Graphs

With graphs considered as natural models for many network design problems, edge connectivity κ′(G) and maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees τ(G) of a graph G have been used as measures for reliability and strength in communication networks modeled as graph G (see Cunningham, in J ACM 32:549–561, 1985; Matula, in Proceedings of 28th Symposium Foundations of Computer Science, pp 249–251, 1987, among others). Mader (Math Ann 191:21–28, 1971) and Matula (J Appl Math 22:459–480, 1972) introduced the maximum subgraph edge connectivity \({\overline{\kappa'}(G) = {\rm max} \{\kappa'(H) : H {\rm is} \, {\rm a} \, {\rm subgraph} \, {\rm of} G \}}\) . Motivated by their applications in network design and by the established inequalities $$\overline{\kappa'}(G) \ge \kappa'(G) \ge \tau(G),$$ we present the following in this paper:

1. For each integer k > 0, a characterization for graphs G with the property that \({\overline{\kappa'}(G) \le k}\) but for any edge e not in G, \({\overline{\kappa'}(G + e) \ge k+1}\) .
2. For any integer n > 0, a characterization for graphs G with |V(G)| = n such that κ′(G) = τ(G) with |E(G)| minimized.

     

扩散模型中扩散系数的非参数组合估计

为了提高扩散系数估计的准确度, 我们利用动态组合时间域与状态域信息提出一个新的组合估计量. 我们发现所提组合估计量能有效估计扩散模型的扩散系数, 正如在本文中模拟所示. 在一定的条件下, 建立了估计量的渐进正态性, 并证明了时间域估计量与状态域估计量是渐进独立的. 大量的模拟展示了所提组合估计量优于单域估计量, 也优于本文所提估计量.